• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates primarily to a brush holder (10) for a motor vehicle starter comprising at least a first electrically conductive cage (13.1, 13.3) receiving a first brush (15.1, 15.3) of first polarity, at least a second cage ( 13.2, 13.4) receiving a second brush (15.2, 15.4) of second polarity different from the first polarity, at least one support plate (12) on which the first (13.1, 13.3) and the second (13.2, 13.4) are fixed cages, said support plate (12) being electrically connected to the second polarity, and a heat-sensitive member (122) deformable from a predetermined temperature, characterized in that said deformable member (122) is arranged to isolate electrically said first cage (13.1, 13.3) relative to said support plate (12) and in that it further comprises a displacement means (35) of said first cage (13.1, 13.3) or said platen support (12) so as to establish contact between said first cage (13.1, 13.3) and said support plate (12) following deformation of said deformable member (122).
    公开号:FR3016754A1
    申请号:FR1450573
    申请日:2014-01-23
    公开日:2015-07-24
    发明作者:Maximilien Gentil；Marie-Ange Nalin；Julie Gouges
    申请人:Valeo Equipements Electriques Moteur SAS；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [0001] The invention relates to a brush holder for a motor vehicle starter equipped with a thermal protection system, as well as to the starter motor. The invention relates to a brush holder for a motor vehicle starter equipped with a thermal protection system, as well as to the starter motor. corresponding. The invention finds a particularly advantageous, but not exclusive, application with starter systems so-called "stop and start" for stopping and restarting the engine of the vehicle according to particular traffic conditions.
    [0002] In a manner known per se, the starters comprise an overcurrent protection means in the form of one or more electric fuses and / or one or more circuit breakers. FIG. 1 thus shows an example of a starter motor 1 comprising a fuse 2 connected in series between a power supply terminal 3 of the electric machine 1 and windings 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4 of the stator of said motor. The fuse is intended to melt to cut off the power supply to the motor when it is traversed by a maximum predetermined current. This avoids damaging the starter or its environment because of the heat produced by an overcurrent. Such overcurrent occurs especially in the case where the rotor of the motor is locked in rotation. When the machine is running at idle or low load (ie it runs between 0 and 25% of the rated load), the idle rotation speed of the rotor also causes the electric machine to heat up. may damage the starter over time. This heating, due in particular to the mechanical friction between the brushes and the collector, occurs for example in the overspeed phase when the starter gear driven by the engine is running faster than the shaft driven by the starter rotor. However, in this case, the current flowing through the fuse may be too weak to cause fusing of the fuse 2 and this even for a long time.
    [0003] One solution would therefore be to choose a fuse capable of melting at a time when a vacuum current passes through the fuse for a duration exceeding a first predetermined duration and when a current flows through the rotating electrical machine having its rotor locked for a duration exceeding one second predetermined duration. Such fuses are, however, much larger than a standard size fuse, which makes their integration almost impossible in the starter. The document FR2977408 describes a compact thermal protection system 5 for cutting off the power supply to the motor in the two aforementioned cases (in case of blockage and in low-load operation). For this purpose, this system 5 comprises a heat-sensitive member and a contact blade able to establish, following a deformation of the heat-sensitive member, a short circuit between a positive polarity to which the brushes are connected. positive 6.1, 6.2 and starter casing 7 connected to ground with brushes 6.3 and 6.4. However, such a thermal protection system involves the creation of new parts whose assembly inside the brush cages is relatively complex to achieve. The invention aims to effectively remedy this drawback by proposing a brush holder for a motor vehicle starter comprising at least a first electrically conductive cage receiving a first brush of first polarity, at least a second cage receiving a second brush of second polarity different of the first polarity, at least one support plate on which are fixed the first and second cages, said support plate being electrically connected to the second polarity, and a heat-sensitive member deformable from a predetermined temperature, characterized in that said deformable member is arranged to electrically insulate said first cage with respect to said support plate and in that it further comprises means for moving said first cage or said support plate so as to establish a contact between said first cage and said support plate s deformation of said deformable member. Thus, the invention makes it possible to establish a short circuit between the first polarity brush cage and the support plate connected to the second polarity to activate the thermal protection means in the event of overheating without having to add an additional piece to inside the broomcages. This facilitates the assembly of the brush holder assembly. According to one embodiment, said deformable member is constituted by at least one insulating layer covering at least partly a metal plate of said support plate. In one embodiment, said insulating layer is overmolded on said metal plate. According to one embodiment, said deformable member is formed by a layer of electrically insulating material covering at least in part a fixing system of said first cage to said support plate. In one embodiment, the fastening system comprises at least one tab covered at least in part with a layer of electrically insulating material.
    [0004] According to one embodiment, said moving means is formed by a spiral spring mounted on a holding system of said spring belonging to said first cage. According to one embodiment, the holding system is constituted by a pin coming from a wall of said first cage.
    [0005] According to one embodiment, said deformable member is made of a plastic material. According to one embodiment, the plastic material is a thermoplastic material such as a polyamide PA4.6 or PA6.6, or a polypropylene PPS loaded with fiberglass between 40 and 50%.
    [0006] In one embodiment, the plastic material is a thermosetting material. According to one embodiment, said brush holder comprises two brushes of first polarity and two brushes of second polarity.
    [0007] In one embodiment, the first polarity corresponds to a positive polarity while the second polarity to which is electrically connected said support plate corresponds to a mass of the starter. The invention also relates to a motor vehicle starter comprising an electric motor provided with a brush holder according to the invention. According to one embodiment, the starter comprises a fuse electrically connected directly or through one or more coils with the first cage and in that the fuse is designed to melt and cut the power supply of the rotor when the first cage is in electrical contact with said support plate following a deformation of said deformable member. The invention will be better understood on reading the description which follows and on examining the figures which accompany it. These figures are given for illustrative but not limiting of the invention.
    [0008] Figure 1, already described, shows a block diagram of a motor starter motor of a motor vehicle provided with a thermal protection means; Figures 2a and 2b are perspective representations of the support plate of the brush holder according to the present invention according to two different angles of view; Figures 3a and 3b show respectively perspective and bottom views of a brush holder according to the present invention; Figure 4 shows a perspective view of a broom cage used with the brush holder according to the present invention; Figures 5a and 5b are side views of a broom cage and the support plate respectively before and after the deformation of an insulating layer covering the support plate. Identical, similar or similar elements retain the same reference from one figure to another.
    [0009] FIG. 3a shows a brush holder 10 according to the invention for a motor vehicle starter. This brush holder 10 comprises a support plate 12 of substantially annular shape on which is fixed a set of cages 13.1-13.4 each serving as housing for a brush 15.1-15.4. An axis X of the support plate 12 corresponds to the axis of the brush holder 10. As can be seen clearly in FIGS. 2a and 2b, the support plate 12 is a one-piece piece comprising a metal plate 121 and overmolded layers. 122 formed on either side of the metal plate 121. The overmolded layers 122 are made by means of a plastic material ensuring good electrical insulation. Overmolded layers 122 at least partially protect the brush support face and the opposite face. The overmolded layers 122 cover all the risk areas of the plate 12, that is to say, all the areas where a short circuit could appear.
    [0010] Overmolded layers 122 are heat sensitive and deformable from a predetermined temperature. The predetermined temperature corresponds to a temperature beyond which the starter and / or its environment could be damaged. Different plastics can be used depending on the applications and the constraints imposed on them. Typically, the plastic material used for the overmolded layers 122 is a thermoplastic material such as a polyamide PA4.6 or PA6.6 or a PPS polypropylene loaded with fiberglass between 40 and 50%. Thermosetting materials can also be envisaged. The metal plate 121 is typically obtained by stamping from a cutting steel such as for example FePO5. The support plate 12 and the cages 13.1-13.4 it carries are fixed on a cover (not shown) forming a rear bearing for the rotor shaft of the electric machine. In addition, the central portion of the plate 12 has an orifice 14 through which the assembly that it forms with the brush cages 13.1-13.4 and the brushes 15.1-15.4 is mounted around the rotor shaft of the starter.
    [0011] Each blade 15.1-15.4 is slidably mounted within a cage 13.1-13.4 which is open on the X-axis side to allow the brushes 15.1-15.4 to be brought into electrical contact with blades carried by a collector. an electric machine rotor (not shown).
    [0012] More precisely, as is clearly visible in FIG. 4, each cage 13.1-13.4 is made by folding a plate of thin sheet so as to form substantially an omega whose end branches are fixed on the plate 12. Each cage 13.1-13.4 thus comprises two parallel side walls 17, 18 facing one another connected to each other by an upper wall 19.
    [0013] The end walls 20, 21 corresponding to the branches of the omega are derived from the lower edges of the side walls 17, 18 of the broom cage 13.1-13.4. One of the side walls 17 has a notch 23 to allow the passage of the braid 24.1-24.4 of the blade housed in the corresponding cage 13.113.4. The other side wall 18 has an opening 25 to allow the passage of the arm of the corresponding spring. On the side of the opening side of the collector side, each broom 13.1-13.4 may include flaps 28, 29 extending on either side of the blade to prevent dust generated by friction with the collector blades. alter the operation of the brush holder 10. One of the flaps 28 has a recess 30 located in the extension of the notch 23 to allow the passage of the braid 24.1-24.4 closer to the collector. Each cage 13.1-13.4 further comprises a system 31 for fastening to the plate 12. Each fastening system 31 is formed by two pairs of tabs 32. The tabs 32 of each pair come from two edges facing each other. end walls 20, 21. As can be seen in Figure 3b, a tab 32 of each pair passes through the plate 12 through an opening 33 made according to its thickness. The other leg 32 of each pair bears against one side of the square-shaped inner contour delimiting the orifice 14. The lugs 32 of each pair are folded towards each other against the plate 12. Alternatively, the system fastener 31 comprises at least one rivet passing through the plate 12 and an end wall 20, 21 of the brush cage.
    [0014] Furthermore, a spiral spring 35 associated with each cage 13.1-13.4 radially biases the corresponding brush 15.1-15.4 to collector contact blades carried by a collector body of electrically insulating material, such as plastic. Each spring 35 is in this case mounted around a holding system 37 here formed by a pin extending axially with respect to the axis X. This pin 37 is obtained by folding one of the end walls 20 of each cage 13.1-13.4. As can be seen in FIG. 3a, each spring 35 comprises a wound portion formed by a plurality of turns. The wound portion ends with an arm 351 intended to bear against at least a portion of the rear face of the blade 15.1-15.4. In this case, the arm 351 is terminated by two parts 352 in contact against bearing faces 38 located on either side of the zone of attachment of the braid 24.1-24.4 electrically conductive brush. The attachment zone between the braid 24.1-24.4 and the brush 15.1-15.4 is set back relative to the bearing faces 38 to maximize a functional distance of use of the brushes 15.1-15.4. The brushes 15.1-15.4 have alternating polarities. Thus, the brushes 15.1 and 15.3 of positive polarity are electrically connected, via their respective braid 24.1, 24.3 to a feed wire from the contactor starter.
    [0015] These brushes 15.1 and 15.3 and their corresponding cage 13.1 and 13.3 are electrically isolated from the negative polarity for proper operation of the starter. This insulation is obtained by the overmolded layers 122 which cover the fields of the openings 33 receiving the legs of the positive polarity cages 13.1, 13.3, and at least partly the inner contour of the plate 12. The braids 24.1 and 24.3 may also be covered with an insulating sheath. Furthermore, the brushes 15.2 and 15.4 of negative polarity for the current return are electrically connected to the mass of the machine by means of their respective braid 24.2, 24.4 welded to the plate 121. The flexible braids 24.1-24.4 are advantageously made of copper or copper alloy to facilitate welding on the plate 121. Preferably, the openings 33 receiving the tabs 32 of negative polarity cages 13.2 and 13.4 and the areas of the inner contour of the plate 12 in contact with other legs 3016 754 8 32 of these stands 13.2, 13.4 are not electrically insulated, so that an electrical contact can occur between the negative polarity cages 13.2, 13.4 and the plate 121 via the tabs 32. This contact is not harmful to the operation of the starter, insofar as it participates in the establishment of the electrical contact between the parts intended to be at the same potential, in this case the ground potential in this case. the application. With reference to FIGS. 5a and 5b, the fuse 2 of the starter is described in the event of overheating to ensure its protection. In normal operation, that is to say when the deformation temperature of the overmolded layers 122 has not yet been reached, the tabs 32 of the stands 13.1, 13.3 of positive polarity are insulated from the plate 12 while the spring 35 which is mounted compressed applies a force F1 against the blade 15.1, 15.3 so as to keep it constantly in contact with the blades of the collector. In response, the spring 35 also applies a force F2 to the cage 13.1, 13.3 via the holding system 37. The cages 13.1 and 13.3, however, can not move relative to the plate 12 because of the rigid nature of the together. When overheating occurs, for example due to starter running for a long period of time, the deformation temperature of insulating layers 122 is reached. The reaction force F2 exerted by the spring 35 on the holding system 37 then causes the stands of positive polarity 13.1 and 13.3 to pivot relative to the plate 12, so that at least one leg 32 of a cage 13.1 , 13.3 comes into contact with the grounded plate 121 to establish a short circuit. This short circuit causes a considerable increase in the current flowing through the machine, which has the effect of melting fuse 2 of the starter. The invention thus makes it possible to protect the starter while the current flowing through the machine during a no-load operation of the motor causing overheating normally does not allow the fuse 2 to melt. The person skilled in the art may well understood to modify the configuration of the brush holder 10 previously described without departing from the scope of the invention. Thus, alternatively, as can be seen in FIG. 4, the tabs 32 of the positive polarity cages 13.1, 13.3 are covered at least in part with an insulating layer 40 that is sensitive to heat. This layer 40 forming a deformable member may be made in the same type of material as overmolded layers 122.
    [0016] Alternatively, it is the plate 12 which is moved to the cages of positive polarity 13.1, 13.3 following a deformation of the insulating layers 122. Alternatively, the plate 12 is electrically connected to the positive polarity. Alternatively, the layers 122 take the form of insulated washers that are attached to either side of the metal plate 121. The spiral spring 35 can also be replaced by a cylindrical spring bearing on the hood to push the broom corresponding against the collector blades. In a variant, the brush holder 10 comprises more than four brushes 15.1-15.4, each brush being able for example to be associated with another brush positioned on the opposite side of the plate 12. The brush holder 10 is here a machine brush holder of a motor vehicle starter. Alternatively, the brush holder 10 could also belong to an alternator or an alternator-starter.
    权利要求:
    Claims (13)
    [0001]
    REVENDICATIONS1. Brush holder (10) for a motor vehicle starter comprising at least a first electrically conductive cage (13.1, 13.3) receiving a first brush (15.1, 15.3) of first polarity, at least a second cage (13.2, 13.4) receiving a second brush (15.2, 15.4) of second polarity different from the first polarity, at least one support plate (12) on which are fixed the first (13.1, 13.3) and the second (13.2, 13.4) cages, said support plate ( 12) being electrically connected to the second polarity, and a member (122, 40) responsive to heat deformable from a predetermined temperature, characterized in that said deformable member (122, 40) is arranged to electrically isolate said first cage (13.1, 13.3) relative to said support plate (12) and in that it further comprises means (35) for moving said first stand (13.1, 13.3) or said support board (12) so as to blir contact between said first cage (13.1, 13.3) and said support plate (12) following deformation of said deformable member (122, 40).
    [0002]
    2. Brush holder according to claim 1, characterized in that said deformable member is constituted by at least one insulating layer (122) covering at least partly a metal plate (121) of said support plate (12).
    [0003]
    3. Brush holder according to claim 2, characterized in that said insulating layer (122) is overmolded on said metal plate (121).
    [0004]
    4. Brush holder according to claim 1, characterized in that said deformable member is formed by a layer (40) of electrically insulating material covering at least partly a fastening system (31) of said first cage (13.1, 13.3). ) to said support plate (12).
    [0005]
    5. Brush holder according to claim 4, characterized in that the fastening system (31) comprises at least one lug (32) at least partially covered with a layer (40) of electrically insulating material.
    [0006]
    6. Brush holder according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that said moving means (35) is formed by a coil spring mounted on a holding system (37) of said spring (35) belonging to said first cage (13.1, 13.3).
    [0007]
    7. Brush holder according to claim 6, characterized in that said holding system (37) is constituted by a pin from a wall of said first cage (13.1, 13.3).
    [0008]
    8. Brush holder according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that said deformable member (122, 40) is made of a plastic material.
    [0009]
    9. Brush holder according to claim 8, characterized in that the plastic material is a thermoplastic material such as a polyamide PA4.6 or PA6.6, or a polypropylene PPS loaded fiberglass between 40 and 50%.
    [0010]
    10. Brush holder according to claim 8, characterized in that the plastic material is a thermosetting material.
    [0011]
    11. Brush holder according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that it comprises two brushes (15.1, 15.3) of first polarity and two brushes (15.2, 15.4) of second polarity.
    [0012]
    12. Brush holder according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the first polarity corresponds to a positive polarity while the second polarity to which is electrically connected said support plate (12) corresponds to a mass of starter.
    [0013]
    13. Motor vehicle starter comprising an electric motor provided with a brush holder (10) according to any one of the preceding claims.
    类似技术:
    公开号 | 公开日 | 专利标题
    EP3097630A2|2016-11-30|Brush holder for a motor vehicle starter provided with a thermal protection system and corresponding motor vehicle starter
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    FR3055488A1|2018-03-02|ELECTRIC MOTOR HAVING A STARTER BRUSH HOLDER
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    FR3069977A1|2019-02-08|BROOM DOOR FOR MOTOR VEHICLE STARTER
    FR3069978A1|2019-02-08|CYLINDER HEAD ASSEMBLY FOR MOTOR VEHICLE STARTER
    EP3096417A1|2016-11-23|Assembly for electric motor brush-holder of motor vehicle starter
    FR3030928A1|2016-06-24|ASSEMBLY FOR MOTOR VEHICLE MOTOR MOTOR ELECTRIC MOTOR BRUSH HOLDER
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    WO2016097549A1|2016-06-23|Assembly for a brush holder of an electric motor of a motor-vehicle starter
    FR3050884A1|2017-11-03|BRUSH DOOR ASSEMBLY FOR STARTER
    WO2017187052A1|2017-11-02|Brush holder device for a starter
    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    FR3016754B1|2016-01-01|
    EP3097630A2|2016-11-30|
    CN106416007A|2017-02-15|
    US20160336832A1|2016-11-17|
    WO2015110743A2|2015-07-30|
    WO2015110743A3|2016-01-14|
    US10050489B2|2018-08-14|
    CN106416007B|2020-02-18|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    DE10059680A1|2000-12-01|2002-06-06|Bosch Gmbh Robert|Starting device for use in internal combustion engines has an electric starter motor with a rotor supplied with current by means of brushes sliding on a commutator|
    US20070108864A1|2005-11-14|2007-05-17|Asmo Co., Ltd.|Dynamo-electric machine and vehicular air blower having the same|
    DE202010002664U1|2010-02-23|2011-07-12|Brose Fahrzeugteile GmbH & Co. Kommanditgesellschaft, Würzburg|Electric motor for driving a motor vehicle component|
    DE102010030870A1|2010-07-02|2012-01-05|Robert Bosch Gmbh|electric motor|FR3055488A1|2016-09-01|2018-03-02|Valeo Equipements Electriques Moteur|ELECTRIC MOTOR HAVING A STARTER BRUSH HOLDER|
    FR3069977A1|2017-08-04|2019-02-08|Valeo Equipements Electriques Moteur|BROOM DOOR FOR MOTOR VEHICLE STARTER|
    FR3069983A1|2017-08-04|2019-02-08|Valeo Equipements Electriques Moteur|BRUSH CAGE ASSEMBLY|
    FR3069982A1|2017-08-04|2019-02-08|Valeo Equipements Electriques Moteur|BROOM DOOR FOR MOTOR VEHICLE STARTER|
    FR3076116A1|2017-12-21|2019-06-28|Valeo Equipements Electriques Moteur|CONFIGURE STARTER BRUSH HOLDER FOR MAINTAINING ITS SUPPORT PLATE AGAINST AN ELECTRIC MOTOR HEAD|
    US10541589B2|2015-06-26|2020-01-21|Valeo Equipements Electriques Moteur|Motor vehicle starter equipped with a thermal protection system|DE19911070B4|1999-03-12|2007-04-26|Robert Bosch Gmbh|Electric motor with a thermal fuse|
    CH695974A5|2002-10-15|2006-10-31|Team Orion Europe Sa|DC motor with collector and carbon brushes.|
    DE102009046198A1|2009-10-30|2011-05-05|Robert Bosch Gmbh|Carbon brush with modified temperature limit|
    FR2977408B1|2011-06-30|2017-04-14|Valeo Equip Electr Moteur|WARMING PROTECTION SYSTEM FOR A ROTATING ELECTRIC MACHINE, IN PARTICULAR A STARTER|
    DE102012010483A1|2012-05-26|2013-11-28|Brose Fahrzeugteile GmbH & Co. Kommanditgesellschaft, Würzburg|Brush system for an electric motor|CN105720744B|2014-12-05|2020-06-09|法雷奥电机设备公司|Motor vehicle starter provided with a thermal protection system|
    FR3032840B1|2015-02-13|2018-04-13|Valeo Equip Electr Moteur|BRUSH HOLDER|
    FR3079365B1|2018-03-23|2020-09-04|Valeo Equip Electr Moteur|THERMAL ENGINE STARTER BRUSH HOLDER EQUIPPED WITH MODIFIED SHAPED BRUSH CAGES|
    法律状态:
    2015-02-02| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 2 |
    2016-02-01| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 3 |
    2017-01-31| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 4 |
    2018-01-31| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 5 |
    2020-01-31| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 7 |
    2021-01-28| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 8 |
    2022-01-31| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 9 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    FR1450573A|FR3016754B1|2014-01-23|2014-01-23|MOTOR VEHICLE STARTER BRUSH HOLDER WITH THERMAL PROTECTION SYSTEM AND CORRESPONDING MOTOR VEHICLE STARTER|FR1450573A| FR3016754B1|2014-01-23|2014-01-23|MOTOR VEHICLE STARTER BRUSH HOLDER WITH THERMAL PROTECTION SYSTEM AND CORRESPONDING MOTOR VEHICLE STARTER|
    US15/107,625| US10050489B2|2014-01-23|2015-01-15|Brush-holder for a motor vehicle starter provided with a thermal protection system, and corresponding motor vehicle starter|
    CN201580005631.5A| CN106416007B|2014-01-23|2015-01-15|Brush holder for a motor vehicle starter provided with a thermal protection system and corresponding motor vehicle starter|
    PCT/FR2015/050099| WO2015110743A2|2014-01-23|2015-01-15|Brush holder for a motor vehicle starter provided with a thermal protection system and corresponding motor vehicle starter|
    EP15705637.5A| EP3097630A2|2014-01-23|2015-01-15|Brush holder for a motor vehicle starter provided with a thermal protection system and corresponding motor vehicle starter|
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